An introduction to computed tomography- CT scan

 

A CT scan is a Computed Tomography scan. It is also known as CAT scan- Computerized Axial Tomography. CT scan is a process in which images from different angles of bones, tissues and blood vessels are taken. These images are then combined to produce cross-sectional images of the inside of bones, blood vessels, and soft tissues. The advantage of a CT scan is that it can produce a more detailed image of body parts that X-ray cannot. Thus CT scan helps to detect and diagnose any medical issue in the body at an earlier stage. 

History of CT scan

CT scan was developed by a British engineer named Dr Alan Cormack and Sir Godfrey Hounsfield in 1970. In 1979 they were jointly honored by the Nobel Prize for their achievement in the field of medical science. In 1974 the first CT scanner was installed. Since then many new technologies have been added to CT scanners to make them faster, comfortable, and to achieve more detailed results. 

CT scans help doctors to detect minor nodules and tumors that are not visible in a simple X-ray. CT scans are usually done to diagnose the brain, chest, abdomen, neck, spine, pelvis, and sinuses. CT scan is a non-invasive and safe procedure. 

Although, CT scans and MRIs are considered to be similar. But when you see the comparison of MRI v/s CT scans, you can see that MRI uses a magnetic field and radio waves to produce images whereas a CT scan uses X-rays to produce images. CT scans are preferred for bleeding in the brain, brain injury, cancer, pneumonia, and abnormal chest X-rays. MRI is best for ligaments and tendons like the composition of the spinal cord and brain tumor. CT scan is best to examine in lungs and organs in the chest cavity. 

The images produced by CT scanning are slices of the different body parts that help to focus on a specific area.  The new technology offers multi-slice spiral CT scanners which collect 8 times more data than previous ones. 

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